Dialog Box Keyboard Shortcuts

CTRL+TAB (Move forward through the tabs)

CTRL+SHIFT+TAB (Move backward through the tabs)

TAB (Move forward through the options)

SHIFT+TAB (Move backward through the options)

ALT+Underlined letter (Perform the corresponding command or select the corresponding option)

ENTER (Perform the command for the active option or button)

SPACEBAR (Select or clear the check box if the active option is a check box)

Arrow keys (Select a button if the active option is a group of option buttons)

F1 key (Display Help)

F4 key (Display the items in the active list)

BACKSPACE (Open a folder one level up if a folder is selected in the Save As or Open dialog box)

Microsoft Natural Keyboard Shortcuts

Windows Logo (Display or hide the Start menu)

Windows Logo+BREAK (Display the System Properties dialog box)

Windows Logo+D (Display the desktop)

Windows Logo+M (Minimize all of the windows)

Windows Logo+SHIFT+M (Restore the minimized windows)

Windows Logo+E (Open My Computer)

Windows Logo+F (Search for a file or a folder)

CTRL+Windows Logo+F (Search for computers)

Windows Logo+F1 (Display Windows Help)

Windows Logo+ L (Lock the keyboard)

Windows Logo+R (Open the Run dialog box)

Windows Logo+U (Open Utility Manager)

Accessibility Keyboard Shortcuts

Right SHIFT for eight seconds (Switch FilterKeys either on or off)

Left ALT+left SHIFT+PRINT SCREEN (Switch High Contrast either on or off)

Left ALT+left SHIFT+NUM LOCK (Switch the MouseKeys either on or off)

SHIFT five times (Switch the StickyKeys either on or off)

NUM LOCK for five seconds (Switch the ToggleKeys either on or off)

Windows Logo +U (Open Utility Manager)

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Every area of a house can be viewed uniquely according to Feng Shui theory, with some rooms being more important than others just based on the amount of time spent in those locations.

TIP: BEDROOMS
One of the most important Feng Shui tips… Bedrooms should be sacred spaces where an adult or child can retreat and regenerate. We spend roughly one third of our lives in our bedroom, so maintaining balance and serenity in this area is essential.

TIP: MAIN ENTRANCE
Sometimes called the ?chi gate,? the main door is like the mouth for the house. It is the gateway between the world and the privacy of the home and air currents literally enter and exit at this point. The positioning of a main door can determine the fortune or misfortune of the occupants.

TIP: SIDE ENTRANCE
Many people enter their home through a back or side door out of convenience. Garage entrances are very common as well. If this is the entrance used more than the formal front door, then the energies at this side entrance will affect you more. This does NOT however change the orientation of your house.

TIP: HALLWAYS
These transition rooms are like the arteries of the house. They should be relatively bright and not too narrow or cluttered. A chronically dark hallway should have a skylight or artificial light on. Ideally, hallways should not be excessively long, unless there are many rooms off the hallway where the doors can remain open.

TIP: LIVING ROOM
The living room is where we entertain, generally speaking. It may also be a place for the family to gather. Some people hardly ever step foot in their living rooms. To the extent that you use your living room, that is how much it will affect your health and well-being.

TIP: DINING ROOM
Like the living room, some people hardly sit down in their formal dining room. This should be a place where friends and family gather for a relaxing time. There should be a moratorium on arguments in the dining room, otherwise family members will eat too fast just to be done with the experience.

TIP: KITCHEN
The kitchen is referred to as the ?hearth? of the home. The vibrations in this room are important in the way that food is prepared and the residual affect. Yet it is not considered the most important part of the house since only an hour or less is spent there on a daily basis. Sometimes the location of a kitchen in a house can determine which family members will argue the most or if the whole house is vulnerable to a variety of mishaps.

Generally, the kitchen is NOT the first room you want to see when you enter your house.

TIP: BATHROOMS
A lot of water passes through a bathroom, yet that does not qualify as a water remedy if that part of the house needs the water element to be balanced. Water that leaves through plumbing is not the same as a water fountain or an aquarium, which re-circulates in that same area. Bathrooms usually should not be in the center of the house or the first room your eyes land on when you enter your home. A toilet should not be too close to a sleeping area, which challenges the Western design ideal of having a private toilet adjacent to the master bedroom.

TIP: HOME OFFICE
Over the last twenty years, the ?home office? has become a major change in how we live. There are two basic types of home offices: the one where we store and file papers, pay bills and pass recreational time on the computer and the real home office where we sit for at least several hours a day conducting business and generating income. The real office and its location within the houseiscrucial to financial success.

TIP: STAIRS
Stairs should not be aligned directly with a heavily used entrance door. When they exist in the center of the house, the activity of moving up and down the stairs will stimulate the unseen potential of the house, for good or for bad depending on the uniqueness of the house. Stairs of any kind, indoor or out, should be clean and safe to use. Dilapidated stairs and unstable railings are not good Feng Shui for obvious reasons.

TIP: WINDOWS
Windows should always open properly and allow sufficient light or pleasant views into the room. To scale with the room, windows should be a defined height and width. It is not ideal to sleep with your head just inches from a window.

TIP: CEILINGS
Ceilings are ideally flat, without severe slopes. The sloping ceiling will cause the flow of air currents in the room to be chaotic. This contributes to sleep problems.
Exposed ceiling beams are a problem if a person works or sleeps under them. Their downward pressure can contribute to health problems.

TIP: FLOORS
Floors should be level so as not to cause equilibrium problems for the occupants. It is less important if the flooring is wood, stone, or carpet. But the color of the carpet can change the energy of a room. As an example, a green carpet is the wood element and a gray carpet is the metal element.

TIP: THE CENTER OF THE HOUSE
The center point of a house indicates a potential experience or set of circumstances that may affect the occupants. It is generally not an area that occupants spend a lot of time in because it winds up in a pass through area for most floor plans. Occasionally the center of the house is part of a room. The influences that emanate from the center of a house can only be determined with advanced Xuan Kung Feng Shui.

TIP: MODERN FENG SHUI HAZARDS
Toxic Mold
High Electro-magnetic fields (EMF)
Toxic Building Syndrome (includes recycled toxic air)
Proximity to hazardous materials and substances (interiors and exteriors)
Exposure to chronic high levels of noise (such as freeway traffic)
Physical strain and fatigue from unhealthful work environment

Here is one of the not so known method for free-up the RAM to make the Windows run faster.

When programs run in Windows XP, they frequently use what are called DLLs (Dynamic-Link Libraries).

These contain shared programming instructions and other files like icons, graphics, sounds, etc. that ifferent applications use in order to run. DLLs are stored in RAM whenever the applications load them; when ou quit a program, XP is supposed to release the DLL from memory. But some DLLs can get stuck.

Here is the method to mend this up.

Step 1: You can force Windows XP to release DLLs by adding a Registry key.
Step 2: Select Start > Run >Enter regedit >Hit Ok
Step 3: This will open the Registry Editor and navigate to
My Computer -> HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE -> SOFTWARE -> Microsoft -> Windows -> CurrentVersion -> Explorer.
Step 4: Right click on EXPLORER in the Left Pane, Select New > Key.
Step 5: Name it as AlwaysUnloadDLL and double click & set the default value to 1.
Step 6: Restart Windows to activate the change.

You can improve performance of your Windows 2000/XP and reclaim memory by simply disabling the services that is also known as “System Services” you don’t need which Windows 2000 or XP automatically provide by default.

What Are System Services in the 1st place
System services are actually small helper programs that provide support for other larger programs in Windows 2000. Many of the services are set up to run automatically each time you start Windows 2000. However, if you’re not using the larger programs that these services are designed to support, these services are simply wasting RAM that could be put to better use by your applications. While the word “Disable” is used here to describe the idea that you’ll remove these services from memory, what you’ll really be doing is changing the startup setting from Automatic to Manual. When you do, the services won’t automatically start each time you launch Windows 2000 Professional. However, Windows 2000 will be able to manually start the services if they’re needed. That way you won’t be unnecessarily wasting RAM, but you won’t be crippling your system either. Note: If you’re running Windows 2000 Professional on a corporate network, you may not be able to adjust system services. Regardless of whether you can or not, you should check with your system administrator before attempting the make these changes.

Changing the startup type of a service from Automatic to Manual is a relatively simple operation. To begin, open the Control Panel, open the Administrative Tools folder, and then double click the Services tool. When you see the Services window, set the View to Detail if it isn’t already. Then click the Startup Type column header to sort the services by Startup Type. When you do, all the Services that start automatically will appear at the top of the list.

As you scan through the list of services on your system whose Startup Type setting is set to Automatic, look for the services in listed in the Table below. These are some of the services are good candidates to be set to a Manual Startup Type.

Examples of services that can be safely changed to Manual :-

DHCP Client — You’re not connecting to a specific DHCP server on your local network

Distributed Link Tracking Client — You’re not connected to a Windows 2000 domain

DNS Client — You’re not connecting to a specific DNS server on your local network

FTP Publishing Service — You don’t need your system to act as an FTP server

IIS Admin Service — You don’t need your system to act as an WWW server

IPSEC Policy Agent — You’re not connected to a Windows 2000 domain

Messenger — You’re not connected to a Windows 2000 domain

Remote Registry Service — You don’t remotely access the Registry of other systems on your local network

RIP Service — You don’t need your system to act as a router

Run As Service — You don’t use any applications that run as an alias

World Wide Web Publishing Service
You don’t need your system to act as an WWW server
If you find a match and think that your system doesn’t need that particular service, right-click on the service and choose the Properties command from the shortcut menu. When you see the Properties dialog box for that service, click the Startup Type drop down list and select Manual. Then click OK. As you change the Startup Type for any service, take note of the service’s name. That way you’ll have a record of which services you changed and can change them back if you need to, as I’ll explain in a moment.

Using the Windows Task Manager
Trick : To determine the amount of RAM you’ll regain by disabling unnecessary system services, use the Windows Task Manager. Here’s how: Before you disable any system services, reboot your system and don’t launch any applications. If you have applications that automatically load when you start Windows, hold down the [Shift] key to bypass the Startup folder. Then, right click on the task bar and select Task Manager from the shortcut menu. When you see the Windows Task Manager dialog box, select the Performance tab. Now take note of the Available value in the Physical Memory panel. After you disable those system services you deem unnecessary, reboot your system in the same manner and compare the Available value in the Physical Memory panel to the one that you noted earlier.

Final thoughts
Keep in mind that you may not find all the services listed in the Table set to Automatic on your system. In fact, you might not even see some of the services listed present on your system. If that’s the case, don’t worry about it. Each Windows 2000/XP installation is unique depending on the system and installed software, and different sets of services may be installed and set to start automatically.

On the other hand, you may find services other than those listed in Table set to Automatic that you may think are unnecessary. If so, you can find out what each service does by hovering your mouse pointer over the service’s description. When you do, a tool tip window will pop up and display the entire description of the service. You can then better determine if the service is unnecessary. Remember, by changing the Startup Type to Manual, Windows 2000 can still start the service if it’s needed. If you decide to experiment with changing the Startup Types of certain services, you can monitor the services over time by launching the Services utility and checking the list of running services. If you consistently find one of the services you set to Manual running, you may decide to change the Startup Type back to Automatic.

By following the practices suggested below, you can improve the overall security of your computer system. These recommendations apply both to individual users and to personnel responsible for managing groups of computers.

Set good passwords
Make sure all accounts on your computer, including the computer administrator’s account, have strong passwords. Follow this link to check, how strong or secure your passwords are. Change your password immediately if you suspect someone else may have guessed it.

Keep your software up-to-date
New versions of software are released on a regular basis to counter threats; without the current software, your computer is likely to be infected or compromised. Your operating system and Web browser are the two components most frequently attacked, and therefore it is most important to keep them up-to-date. A good way for Windows users to stay current is to allow your operating system to be updated automatically using Windows Update.

Run anti-virus software
Set antivirus software to automatically check for updates at least once a week. When informed that a new virus has been detected, update your virus definition files immediately by clicking on your Antivirus and running updates.

Be careful opening e-mail attachments
Many viruses are transmitted through e-mail, often as attachments. Never open an attachment unless you are sure who sent it and what it contains. Always use your antivirus software to scan attachments for viruses before opening them by clicking on your Antivirus icon and selecting Scan.

Control access to your machine
Never set up your system for anonymous or guest access. Make sure your system is configured to require a unique userid and password for any kind of access.

Routinely back up files on your system
Backing up your system not only allows you to recover files and data if your hard drive or computer fails, but also ensures that you can determine what data was stored on your system, should it be stolen or accessed without authorization. Because California law requires that individuals be notified if their personal information is stolen or inadvertently made available, it is especially important to be able to verify the existence of such information on a computer.

Turn your computer off when you leave for the day
Your computer cannot be infected or invaded when it is not connected to the network. Turn it off when you are done for the day. This is particularly important if you will be away from your system longer than a few days. If you haven’t turned on your computer in a few days, be sure to check for updates for software and antivirus files (see above) before you do anything else.

Install screen-saver passwords on your system
In addition to logging into your Windows system with your system userid and password, you should utilize a screen saver and enable its password feature. That way, if you leave your computer without turning it off, the screen saver will activate (after a pre-determined period of time) and you’ll need to enter a password to resume your Windows session.

Clean your hard drive before disposing of it
Before disposing of your current computer, make sure to remove all sensitive and confidential data from the hard drive. While deleting unwanted files using a delete or erase command might appear to remove files and data, in fact, the DOS and Windows delete commands simply remove pointers to the data but leave the actual data and files available for recovery. To make sure that data and files are not recoverable from a computer’s hard drive, it is important to over-write the space these files and data occupied with other, seemingly random, input. A number of utilities for doing this are available as freeware or shareware.

Take extra precautions with your laptop or other portable devices
By design, laptop computers (and other portable computing devices, PDAs, for example) are carried from place to place and thus are exposed to risks less prevalent in stationary environments where desktops are protected by firewalls, automated scheduled virus scanners, and automated critical updates and patch installations. To protect the UCOP network and the devices connected to it, all laptops must be updated with the latest Microsoft critical updates and patches and scanned using the latest virus definition files before they are brought into a UCOP facility and connected to the UCOP network. Also, invest in a laptop or PDA lockdown cable to deter easy theft of your portable device, and lock your office (where applicable) when you leave it.

Windows  has a whole array of helpful command line tools for configuring and testing Internet and LAN connections. The following is a list of useful network commands that can be used from the command prompt. A lot of these commands are intended for administrating a network, but they are great for savvy home users as well. All of the tools are run by opening a Command window and entering the appropriate command. Go to Start-Run and enter “cmd” to open a Command window.

net – Used to start, stop and view networking operations.
ipconfig – Displays the IP Address and other TCP/IP information on your system.
netstat – Returns protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections.
hostname – Displays the Microsoft networking computer name.
lpq – Displays the print queue status of an LPD printer.
ping – Verify the connectivity or a host across a network.
nbtstat – Returns protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections.
ipxroute – Displays and modifies IPX routing tables.
route – Manipulates TCP/IP routing information
tracert – Displays route taken by an ICMP to a remote host.
finger – Displays information about the user
arp – Displays or modifies information in the ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) cache
getmac – Lists the MAC (Media Access Control) Address on the computer network interfaces
Add  /? to the command will provide more information e.g. ipconfig show more information about ipconfig command.

Some Applications:

Display Connection Configuration: ipconfig /all
Display DNS Cache Info Configuration: ipconfig /displaydns
Clear DNS Cache: ipconfig /flushdns
Release All IP Address Connections: ipconfig /release
Renew All IP Address Connections: ipconfig /renew
Re-Register the DNS connections: ipconfig /registerdns
Change/Modify DHCP Class ID: ipconfig /setclassid
Network Connections: control netconnections
Network Setup Wizard: netsetup.cpl
Test Connectivity: ping www.webaholics.in
Trace IP address Route: tracert
Displays the TCP/IP protocol sessions: netstat
Display Local Route: route
Display Resolved MAC Addresses: arp
Display Name of Computer Currently on: hostname
Display DHCP Class Information:ipconfig /showclassid

Notes:

Some command-line tools require the user to have administrator-level privileges on source and/or target computers.
You must have the TCP/IP network protocol installed to use the TCP/IP utilities.

The two main operating systems employed by the PC owner are windows and Linux. Although they appear very similar on the face of it there are fundamental differences in the two operating systems.

A major advantage with Linux is the price, it is completely free! Windows can be very expensive.

There are enormous differences in the way that they behave at a technical level, but I suspect what you really want to know is how they differ from the perspective of an end user.

The vast majority of people will know how to use a windows operating system. This is mainly due to the fact that every PC sold usually has the Microsoft operating system installed and the mighty Microsoft has a mighty marketing budget. The Linux marketing budget is miniscule.

The major differences in operating systems:

Linux is open source, free under GNU, Windows is a licensed OS.

Windows is developed by Microsoft, a single huge entity. Whereas Linux has many distributors such as red hat, mandrake etc.

Linux is more secure than windows in the case of virus, worms etc.

Linux works on both GUI & Console mode but windows only GUI.

Linux has multi-user, multitasking, multiprocessing, multiprogramming features.

Linux code is open source and as a result it has been tweaked and tweaked to perfection by millions of users doing it as a hobby.

Linux was developed from the UNIX operating system, Windows is a completely unique entity.

Windows security is password based, the Linux system is secured with access rights.

Windows file names aren’t case sensitive, Linux are. After reading these points you may be asking yourself why everyone isn’t using the Linux system. To put it simply, the Linux system requires a lot more technical knowledge both to install it and to maintain it as an operating system. Software that is written for windows will not work on Linux and as such it is much more difficult to buy off the shelf applications.

Microsoft’s Windows is often the best option for most people because of the required technical knowledge with Linux. It’s just good to know that there is a free alternative to Windows.

I observe all the time with my home pc customers. Their computer, for whatever reason, has been rendered unbootable and they are suddenly (and understandably) worried about the contents of the hard drive. Whether it’s hundreds (or thousands) of rupees/dollars worth of downloaded music and movies, software that was purchased and paid for online, countless hours of work on personal or business documents or the unthinkable loss of all their family photos, the sudden realization that you have never safeguarded these things can be a very unsettling prospect.

One of the first questions I ask when someone calls and tells me that their pc won’t start is if they have a recent backup of their data. It’s very rare for anyone to answer that question in the affirmative. Usually, after a moment of silence, the customer will sheepishly admit that they always intended to start backing up but never did because… [insert your favorite excuse here]. I always hate to hear this because backing up your data is vitally important and (here’s the BIG SECRET) it’s not at all difficult.

There are backup utilities and services available to consumers now that make the process so simple and automated that anyone can do it easily and quickly. And the best part is, there are so many competing products you will easily find one to fit your budget if you shop around. One word of caution, though. Don’t use the built-in backup utility in Windows. Yeah, I know, it’s already there and it’s “free”.

Trust me though, it’s cumbersome, featureless and not very dependable. You won’t like it so you won’t use it and then the next time your hard drive crashes (it will happen sooner or later), you won’t have a backup. I’ve seen it happen too many times! Third party software is definitely the way to go.

Anyway, whatever backup application you decide to use, It’s important to understand what needs to be backed up. Following is a list of things you should DEFINITELY include in your backups:

The ‘My Documents Folder’ - This is hands down the most critical folder for most people in terms of data backup. This is where all of your personal and sometimes irreplaceable data is stored. By default, it contains all of your photos, music, documents, videos, etc. In some cases, such as photos and home videos, if these items are lost or corrupted, they are gone forever and cannot be replaced. (Imagine telling your wife that all of the baby pictures are gone!)

Your Accounting Data - If you use personal or business accounting software on your pc, backing up the data file on a regular basis is an absolute MUST! Enough said.

Your Email Address Book - You have a lot of important contact information that you have gathered over the years. Backing up this data is especially critical if you are a business person and you utilize email in your daily business schedule.
 
A couple of things you may want to consider backing up even though they aren’t critical are:

Your Internet ‘Favorites’ Folder - Although it’s not the end of the world if the contents of this folder are lost, trying to remeber the url’s of your favorite websites can be a daunting task.
 
Your Windows User Settings – These are the setting that ‘personalize’ your user account. Desktop backgrounds, screensavers, etc.

Things you don’t need to bother with backing up include:

Windows – You should already have a copy of your OS on disk.

Any programs that you installed from disks – You need to back up the data files, but not the program itself. Reinstall that from the disk.

Windows 7: Advanced Overview

END (Display the bottom of the active window)
HOME (Display the top of the active window)
NUM LOCK+Asterisk sign (*) (Display all of the subfolders that are under the selected folder)
NUM LOCK+Plus sign (+) (Display the contents of the selected folder)
NUM LOCK+Minus sign (-) (Collapse the selected folder)
LEFT ARROW (Collapse the current selection if it is expanded, or select the parent folder)
RIGHT ARROW (Display the current selection if it is collapsed, or select the first subfolder)